Nicotine Addiction:
Why Tobacco Is a Habit-Forming Drug
If you or anyone close to you smokes cigarettes, you're probably well aware that
smoking is a habit, one that takes some effort to break. Through inhalation, the chemical
components of cigarettes are injected into your lungs, your bloodstream and then your
brain. Learning some of the facts about tobacco may encourage you to break the habit in
order to lead a healthier life.
Nicotine Is Habit-Forming
Nicotine, one of the main chemical components of tobacco, is a habit-forming
drug that draws the smoker into both a physical and a psychological partnership with
cigarettes. Once you learn the mechanics of smokingand it definitely is an acquired
technique taking conscious effort on the part of the novice smokeryou may begin to
rely on cigarettes for what you believe to be stimulation, relaxation or stress relief.
Your body becomes chemically addicted to nicotine and the more you smoke, the more
difficult it is to quit.
More Chemicals
The average cigarette generally contains about 8.4 milligrams of nicotine
and 15 milligrams of tar. Tobacco smoke also contains as many as 4,000 other naturally
occurring gases, particles and compounds, including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
hydrogen cyanide, traces of arsenic and carcinogens.
Other Sources of Nicotine
Cigarettes are considered the most harmful form of tobacco use because
cigarette smokers usually inhale deeply. But pipes and cigars hold risks of nicotine
addiction as well. Chewing tobacco and snuff can also cause cancer, gum disease and
erosion of the teeth.
Physical Effects
When inhaled, nicotine stimulates your central nervous system. The chemicals
in a cigarette move to your brain through your bloodstream, causing a rise in blood
pressure and heart rate and constricting of the blood vessels, and reducing sensitivity to
pain and stress Chronic smokers often have impaired senses of taste and smell, less
physical stamina and a poorer execution of motor tasks. Smoking is among the major causes
of heart disease and lung cancer and is the primary cause of chronic bronchitis and
emphysema. A smoker's skin ages and wrinkles prematurely and female smokers have a higher
incidence of unsuccessful pregnancies, stillbirths and lower-weight babies.
Companion Habits
As you become more physically addicted to tobacco, you'll develop other
habits that reinforce the role of cigarettes in your daily routine. You may not even
realize this is happening. A cup of coffee may trigger a move toward a cigarette. You may
light up before you begin a phone conversation or before starting your car. These become
similar to conditioned reflexes and show that the physical and the psychological go hand
in hand in promoting and furthering addiction.
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